/*preprocessor defines can be used to hide hardware dependencies*/
#ifdef MSDOS
#  define INT32 long
#  define INT16 int
#  define bigendian(i) (((i>>8)&0xff)|(i<<8)) /*mask FF is for sign extension*/
#else
#  define INT32 int
#  define INT16 short
#  define bigendian(i) (i)
#endif

/*or to hide repetitive snippets of code*/
#define swap(a, b) {int t; t=a; a=b; b=t;}
#define max(a, b) (a>b? a: b)