As a member of the Society for Neuroscience and a biomedical researcher studying autism, I urge you to support an increase of 6.7 percent for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in FY 2008. For me and for many other biomedical scientists of my generation, the question of NIH funding is critical to whether we will remain in the business of biomedical research or be forced out to other occupations and livelihoods. NIH-funded academic research has been a boon to quality of life and an important stimulus to biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and other biomedical industries, and these next few years will determine whether it continues to be so. Over the past several years, funding for NIH has not kept pace with the biomedical inflation rate, let alone with new scientific opportunities. Unfortunately, President Bush's FY 2008 budget proposes to cut funding for NIH by more than a half billion dollars. Further, it is expected that the House will approve its version of the Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations bill with just a 2.6 percent increase in funding for NIH. As the Senate begins the appropriations process, I urge you to support additional funding for NIH.